【标题】 中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法(附英文)
【发布单位】 全国人大常委会
【发布日期】1989年02月21日
【实施日期】1989年08月01日
《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法》已由中华人民共和国第七届全国人民代表大会常
务委员会第六次会议于１９８９年２月２１日通过，现予公布，自１９８９年８月１日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席 杨尚昆
１９８９年２月２１日
第一章 总 则
第二章 进口商品的检验
第三章 出口商品的检验
第四章 监督管理
第五章 法律责任
第六章 附 则
第一章 总 则
第一条 为了加强进出口商品检验工作，保证进出口商品的质量，维护对外贸易有关各
方的合法权益，促进对外经济贸易关系的顺利发展，制定本法。
第二条 国务院设立进出口商品检验部门（以下简称国家商检部门），主管全国进出口商品检验工作。国家商检部门设在各地的进出口商品检验机构（以下简称商检机构）管理所辖地区的进出口商品检验工作。
第三条 商检机构和国家商检部门、商检机构指定的检验机构，依法对进出口商品实施检验。
第四条 国家商检部门根据对外贸易发展的需要，制定、调整并公布《商检机构实施检验的进出口商品种类表》（以下简称《种类表》）。
第五条 列入《种类表》的进出口商品和其他法律、行政法规规定须经商检机构检验的进出口商品，必须经过商检机构或者国家商检部门、商检机构指定的检验机构检验。前款规定的进口商品未经检验的，不准销售、使用；前款规定的出口商品未经检验合格的，不准出口。本条第一款规定的进出口商品，经收货人、发货人申请，国家商检部门审查批准，可以免予检验。
第六条 商检机构实施进出口商品检验的内容，包括商品的质量、规格、数量、重量、包装以及是否符合安全、卫生要求。法律、行政法规规定有强制性标准或者其他必须执行的检验标准的进出口商品，依照法律、行政法规规定的检验标准检验；法律、行政法规未规定有强制性标准或者其他必须执行的检验标准的，依照对外贸易合同约定的检验标准检验。
第七条 法律、行政法规规定由其他检验机构实施检验的进出口商品或者检验项目，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定办理。
第八条 国家商检部门和商检机构应当收集和向有关方面提供进出口商品检验方面的信息。
第二章 进口商品的检验
第九条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品的收货人，必须向卸货口岸或者到达站的商检机构办理进口商品登记。对列入《种类表》的进口商品，海关凭商检机构在报关单上加盖的印章验放。
第十条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品的收货人，应当在商检机构规定的地点和期限内，向商检机构报验。商检机构应当在对外贸易合同约定的索赔期限内检验完毕，并出具证明。
第十一条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品以外的进口商品的收货人，发现进口商品质量不合格或者残损短缺，需要由商检机构出证索赔的，应当向商检机构申请检验出证。
第十二条 对重要的进口商品和大型的成套设备，收货人应当依据对外贸易合同约定在出口国装运前进行预检验、监造或者监装，主官部门应当加强监督；商检机构根据需要可以派出检验人员参加。
第三章 出口商品的检验
第十三条 本法规定必须经商检机构检验的出口商品的发货人，应当在商检机构规定的地点和期限内，向商检机构报验。商检机构应当在不延误装运的期限内检验完毕，并出具证明。对列入《种类表》的出口商品，海关凭商检机构签发的检验证书、放行单或者在报关单上加盖的印章验放。
第十四条 经商检机构检验合格发给检验证书或者放行单的出口商品，应当在商检机构规定的期限内报运出口；超过期限的，应当重新报验。
第十五条 为出口危险货物生产包装容器的企业，必须申请商检机构进行包装容器的性能鉴定。生产出口危险货物的企业，必须申请商检机构进行包装容器的使用鉴定。使用未经鉴定合格的包装容器的危险货物，不准出口。
第十六条 对装运出口易腐烂变质食品的船舱和集装箱，承运人或者装箱单位必须在装货前申请检验。未经检验合格的，不准装运。
第四章 监督管理
第十七条 商检机构对本法规定必须经商检机构检验的进出口商品以外的进出口商品，可以抽查检验。出口商品经抽查检验不合格的，不准出口。
第十八条 商检机构根据检验工作的需要，可以向列入《种类表》的出口商品的生产企业派出检验人员，参与监督出口商品出厂前的质量检验工作。
第十九条 商检机构可以根据国家商检部门同外国有关机构签订的协议或者接受外国有关机构的委托进行进出口商品质量认证工作，准许在认证合格的进出口商品上使用质量认证标志。
第二十条 国家商检部门和商检机构根据检验工作的需要，通过考核，认可符合条件的国内外检验机构承担委托的进出口商品检验工作。
第二十一条 国家商检部门和商检机构对其指定或者认可的检验机构的进出口商品检验工作进行监督，可以对其检验的商品抽查检验。
第二十二条 国家根据需要，对重要的进出口商品及其生产企业实行质量许可制度，具体办法由国家商检部门会同国务院有关主管部门制定。
第二十三条 商检机构根据需要，对检验合格的进出口商品，可以加施商检标志或者封识。
第二十四条 进出口商品的报验人对商检机构作出的检验结果有异议的，可以向原商检机构或者其上级商检机构以至国家商检部门申请复验，由受理复验的商检机构或者国家商检部门作出复验结论。
第二十五条 商检机构和其指定的检验机构以及经国家商检部门批准的其他检验机构，可以接受对外贸易关系人或者外国检验机构的委托，办理进出口商品鉴定业务。进出口商品鉴定业务的范围包括：进出口商品的质量、数量、重量、包装鉴定，海损鉴定，集装箱检验，进口商品的残损鉴定，出口商品的装运技术条件鉴定、货载衡量、产地证明、价值证明以及其他业务。
第五章 法律责任
第二十六条 违反本法规定，对列入《种类表》的和其他法律、行政法规规定必须经商检机构检验的进口商品未报经检验而擅自销售或者使用的，对列入《种类表》的和其他法律、行政法规规定必须经商检机构检验的出口商品未报经检验合格而擅自出口的，由商检机构处以罚款；情节严重，造成重大经济损失的，对直接责任人员比照刑法第一百八十七条的规定追究刑事责任。违反本法第十七条的规定，对经商检机构抽查检验不合格的出口商品擅自出口的，依照
前款的规定处罚。
第二十七条 伪造、变造商检单证、印章、标志、封识、质量认证标志，构成犯罪的，对直接责任人员比照刑法第一百六十七条的规定追究刑事责任；情节轻微的，由商检机构处以罚款。
第二十八条 当事人对商检机构的处罚决定不服的，可以自收到处罚通知之日起三十天内，向作出处罚决定的商检机构或者其上级商检机构或者国家商检部门申请复议；对复议决定不服的，可以自收到复议决定书之日起三十天内，向法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议或者不起诉又拒不履行的，由作出处罚决定的商检机构申请法院强制执行。
第二十九条 国家商检部门、商检机构的工作人员和国家商检部门、商检机构指定的检验机构的检验人员，滥用职权，徇私舞弊，伪造检验结果的，或者玩忽职守，延误检验出证的，根据情节轻重，给予行政处分或者依法追究刑事责任。
第六章 附 则
第三十条 商检机构和其他检验机构依照本法的规定实施检验和办理鉴定业务，依照规定收费。收费办法由国家商检部门会同国务院有关主管部门制定。
第三十一条 国家商检部门根据本法制定实施办法，报国务院批准后施行。
第三十二条 本法自１９８９年８月１日起施行。１９８４年１月２８日国务院发布的《中华人民共和国进出口商品检验条例》同时废止。
附：刑法有关条文
第一百八十七条 国家工作人员由于玩忽职守，致使公共财产、国家和人民利益遭受重大损失的，处五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。
第一百六十七条 伪造、变造或者盗窃、抢夺、毁灭国家机关、企业、事业单位、人民团体的公文、证件、印章的，处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利；情节严重的，处三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。
(附英文)
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COMMODITY INSPECTION
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS"(1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COMMODITY INSPECTION
(Adopted at the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on February 21, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 14 of the President of the People's Republic of China on February 21, 1989, and effective as of August 1, 1989)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the inspection of import
and export commodities, ensuring the quality of import and export
commodities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties
involved in foreign trade, and promoting the smooth development of China's
economic and trade relations with foreign countries.
Article 2
The State Council shall establish an Administration for Import and Export
Commodity Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection), which shall be in charge of the inspection of
import and export commodities throughout the country. The local import and
export commodity inspection authorities (hereinafter referred to as the
commodity inspection authorities) set up by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection shall be responsible for the inspection of import and
export commodities within areas under their jurisdiction.
Article 3
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations
designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
commodity inspection authorities shall, in accordance with the law,
perform the inspection of import and export commodities.
Article 4
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall, in the light of
the needs in the development of foreign trade, make, adjust and publish a
List of Import and Export Commodities Subject to Inspection by the
Commodity Inspection Authorities (hereinafter referred to as the List of
Commodities).
Article 5
Import and export commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities and import and export commodities subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities under other laws or administrative rules
and regulations must be inspected by the commodity inspection authorities
or inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection or the commodity inspection authorities. No
permission shall be granted for the sale or use of import commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have undergone inspection;
and no permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities
specified in the preceding paragraph until they have been found to be up
to standard through inspection.
Import and export commodities specified in the first paragraph of this
Article may be exempted from inspection upon the examination and approval
of an application from the consignee or consignor by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection.
Article 6
Inspection on import and export commodities performed by the commodity
inspection authorities shall cover quality, specifications, quantity,
weight, packing and the requirements for safety and hygiene.
Import and export commodities governed by compulsory standards or other
inspection standards which must be complied with as provided for by laws
or administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordance
with such inspection standards; in the absence of such stipulations,
import and export commodities shall be inspected in accordance with the
inspection standards agreed upon in the foreign trade contracts.
Article 7
Import and export commodities or items subject to inspection by other
inspection organizations under laws or administrative rules and
regulations shall be inspected in accordance with the provisions of
relevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.
Article 8
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall collect information on the inspection of
import and export commodities and make it available to the relevant
circles.
Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities
Article 9
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee must
register them with the commodity inspection authorities located at the
port of discharge or the station of arrival. Import commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the seal of the commodity inspection
authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 10
For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in places and within the time
limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue an inspection
certificate within the period of validity of claims prescribed in a
foreign trade contract.
Article 11
If import commodities other than those which are subject to inspection by
the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law are found
to be not up to the quality standard, damaged or short on weight or
quantity, the consignee shall apply to the commodity inspection
authorities for inspection and the issuance of an inspection certificate
if such a certificate is necessary for claiming compensation.
Article 12
For important import commodities and a complete set of equipment in large
size, the consignee shall, in accordance with the terms agreed upon in a
foreign trade contract, conduct initial inspection or initial supervision
over manufacturing or loading in the exporting country before shipment,
while the relevant competent departments shall strengthen their
supervision. The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary,dispatch inspection personnel to take part in such inspection and
supervision.
Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities
Article 13
For export commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity
inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignor shall
apply to the same authorities for inspection in the places and within the
time limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall
accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue a certificate without
delaying the prescribed time for shipment. Export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the
Customs upon presentation of the inspection certificate or the paper for
release issued by the commodity inspection authorities or the seal of the
same authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.
Article 14
Export commodities which have been inspected and passed by the commodity
inspection authorities and for which an inspection certificate or a paper
for release has been issued by the same authorities shall be declared for
export and shipped out of the country within the time limit specified by
the same authorities. Failing to meet the time limit shall entail
reapplication for inspection.
Article 15
An enterprise manufacturing packagings for dangerous export goods must
apply to the commodity inspection authorities for a test of the
performance of such packagings. An enterprise producing dangerous export
goods must apply to the same authorities for a test of the use of
packagings. No permission shall be granted for the export of dangerous
goods kept in packagings which have not passed a test.
Article 16
For vessel holds or containers used for carrying perishable foods, the
carrier or the organization using the containers shall apply for
inspection before loading. No permission shall be granted for loading and
shipment until the relevant conditions are passed by the inspectors.Chapter IV Supervision and Administration
Article 17
The commodity inspection authorities may make a random inspection of
import and export commodities beyond those subject to inspection by the
commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law. No
permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities found to
be substandard in a random inspection.
Article 18
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, assign
inspection personnel to manufacturers of export commodities which are
included in the List of Commodities to take part in supervision over the
quality inspection of export commodities before they leave the factory.
Article 19
The commodity inspection authorities may undertake the quality
certification of import and export commodities on the basis of agreements
signed between the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the
foreign bodies concerned or upon entrustment by the foreign bodies
concerned. They may permit the use of quality certification marks on
import and export commodities which have been given quality certification.
Article 20
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity
inspection authorities shall, on the basis of the requirements in their
inspection, entrust competent inspection organizations at home and abroad
with the inspection of import and export commodities after examining their
qualifications.
Article 21
The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the Commodity
inspection authorities shall exercise supervision over the import and
export commodity inspection conducted by the inspection organizations
designated or approved by them and may make a random inspection of the
commodities which have been inspected by such organization.
Article 22 The State shall, when necessary, institute a quality licence system for
important import and export commodities and their manufacturers. The
specific measures thereof shall be drawn up by the State Administration
for Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the relevant competent
departments under the State Council.
Article 23
The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, place commodity
inspection marks or sealings on import and export commodities proved to be
up to standard through inspection.
Article 24
In case an applicant for the inspection of import and export commodities
disagrees with the results of inspection presented by the commodityinspection authorities, he may apply for reinspection to the same
authorities, to those at the next higher level or to the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection. The conclusion on reinspection shall be made by the commodity inspection authorities or the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection which has accepted the application
for reinspection.
Article 25
The commodity inspection authorities, the inspection organizations
designated by them and other inspection organizations approved by the
State Administration for Commodity Inspection may handle the business of
superintending and surveying import and export commodities as entrusted by
parties involved in foreign trade or by foreign inspection bodies.The scope of business of superintending and surveying import and export
commodities shall cover: inspection of the quality, quantity, weight and
packing of import and export commodities; inspection of cargoes with
respect to general or particular average; inspection of container cargoes;damage survey of import cargoes; inspection of technical conditions for
the shipment of exports; measurement of dead tonnage; certification of the
origin or value of exports and other superintending and surveying
services.Chapter V Legal Responsibility
Article 26
Anyone who, in violation of the relevant provisions of this Law, purposely
markets or uses import commodities which are included in the List of
Commodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection
authorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules and
regulations without having such commodities inspected, or purposely
exports export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities
or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in
accordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations without
having such commodities inspected and proved up to standard shall be fined
by the commodity inspection authorities. If the circumstances are serious
and cause heavy economic losses, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law.Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of this Law,
purposely exports export commodities which have been found substandard
during a random inspection by the commodity inspection authorities, shall
be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 27
If the falsifying or remaking of the certificates or documents, seals or
stamps, marks, sealings or quality certification marks for commodity
inspection constitutes a crime, the criminal responsibility of the
personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis
mutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law; if the
circumstances are minor, the offender shall be fined by the commodity
inspection authorities.
Article 28
If a party refuses to accept the punishment decision of the commodity
inspection authorities, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice on
the punishment, apply for reconsideration to the same authorities which
have made the punishment decision, to those at the next higher level or to
the State Administration for Commodity Inspection. If the party refuses
to accept the decision on the reconsideration, he may, within 30 days of
receiving the notice on the reconsideration decision, bring a suit nor
complies with the punishment decision within the prescribed time limit,the commodity inspection authorities which have made the punishment
decision shall apply to a court of law for compulsory execution.
Article 29
Any functionary of the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or of
the commodity inspection authorities or any of the inspection personnel of
the inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for
Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities who abuses
his power, commits irregularities for the benefit of his relatives or
friends, falsifies inspection results or fails to conduct inspection and
issue a certificate within the time limit through dereliction shall,
depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrative
sanction, or his criminal responsibility shall be investigated according
to law.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 30
The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations shall collect fees according to relevant provisions for carrying out
inspection or performing superintending and surveying services in
accordance with the provisions of this Law. The procedures for collecting
fees shall be drawn up by the State Administration for Commodity
Inspection in conjunction with the competent departments under the State
Council.
Article 31
Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State
Administration for Commodity Inspection and shall come into force after
being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 32
This Law shall come into force as of August 1, 1989.
The Regulations of
the People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and Export
Commodities promulgated by the State Council on January 28, 1984 shall be
invalidated as of the same date.
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